ࡱ> <>;` jbjb 4dd  , R5" aK4L0 ddQuestions & Answers Copyright Column Column Editor: Laura N. Gasaway (Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Law, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Phone: 919-962-2295; Fax: 919-962-1193) www.unc.edu/~unclng/gasaway.htm QUESTION: A new faculty member at a state college (A) wants to place several articles on reserve in the library for her class. She accessed these articles through full-text databases at the library of the major state university (B) where she is enrolled as a graduate student. The faculty member has asked if she can send a PDF from (B)s databases to the library staff at (A) to be placed on e-reserve. In the alternative, may she make paper copies that could then be scanned for e-reserve as long as she signs (A)s agreement to seek copyright permission? ANSWER: This database of full-text articles are licensed to (B), and the use is probably restricted to (B)s own faculty, staff and students. Although (A)s new faculty member is a also a student at (B), and therefore has access as a student for her own research and study, duplicating the articles in any format and putting them on either print or e-reserve at (A) likely is infringement. There is some possibility that (A), as an institution in the state system, is covered under the same license agreement, but not definitely so. This is a matter of contract law rather than of copyright. Whether the faculty member makes paper copies from the database or sends a PDF file, the issue is the same. The copying to put articles on reserve in another institution likely violates the (B)s database license agreement. QUESTION: How long are libraries required to keep interlibrary loan paperwork? What must be retained? Lending records, borrowing records, what the library has charged or paid? ANSWER: Libraries are not required to retain ILL records by law, but Congress appointed a commission (CONTU) to develop ILL guidelines. The CONTU guidelines received serious support from Congress and were published in the Conference Report that accompanied the 1976 Copyright Act. The guidelines require that borrowing libraries retain records of titles borrowed for three calendar years. The records need be only by titles requested within each of the three calendar years. There is no requirement to keep payment or charge records. QUESTION: A teacher wants to use photographs and other material in a professional presentation for which he is not being paid. Is this the same as an educational presentation since it is an employment enhancing activity? ANSWER: The Copyright Act does not automatically exempt even educational presentations. The fair use exception sometimes permits use in a nonprofit educational institution for instruction, but not always. Section 110(1) covers classroom performances and displays which is a limitation on the exclusive rights of the copyright holder. Professional presentations may or may not be fair use, but they are not the same as use in a nonprofit educational institution and do not qualify under 110(1). If the presentation is live and no copies are distributed of the images, etc., it may be fair use, but not definitely. Often speakers use images without permission for such presentations and assume that they are fair use, which they may be. If the presentation is to be placed on a Website, then the presenter should remove the copyrighted works or seek permission to use the photographs and other materials. QUESTION: A librarian found my When Works Pass into the Public Domain chart reproduced on a Website dated 1998 (www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm) and asks the following. The chart states that works published before 1923 are now in the public domain. (1) Does it meant that now, in 2008, one can count that date as 1933? (2) If something is published before this date and then the copyright is renewed, does the renewal apply only to publications since the copyright renewal? For example, a U.S. publication dated 1906, is it public domain even if later publications have a renewed copyright notice in them? ANSWER: (1) No, it is still 1923 for works first published in the U.S. It will be the end of 2018 before the works from 1923 enter the public domain. (2) The 1906 work is public domain. Even if the 1906 work were renewed for copyright, it would have received only an additional 28 years, so the first term would have expired in 1934. The renewal of 28 years would have expired in 1962, so it is now in the public domain. If new editions of the original 1906 work are published, only the new material gets a new copyright date, and the term for that new material is measured from the publication date of new edition. '7G#/U V ] ? 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